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Study Hack: Learn More in Less Time



I first started studying how to improve studying (specifically, neuroscience & memorization) a few years ago.  Here’s an old paper I wrote for a neuroscience class on the topic, in fact.  As you can see from the paper and this YouTube video I made, the length of a study session is very important.  The chart at the left is one of my favorite visual aids to demonstrate how as a study session gets longer, the percentage of “wasted time” becomes greater (aka the Primary-Recency Effect or Serial Position Effect).

 

 

 

 

Simply put, we can take advantage of this.  The Pimsleur audio tapes for learning a foreign language intentionally make use of this effect, in fact (Dr. Paul Pimsleur researched “graduated interval recall”).  We can make use of similar principles by making each study session:

 

 

  1. 20-30 minutes long
  2. Begin with a review of previous information, and then jump quickly into new material (prime-time 1)
  3. Use the down-time (about 10-15 minutes in) to play short game or interactive activity that makes use of the material
  4. Conclude with a review of the information (as well as information from previous lessons) and, if possible, a practical implementation of the knowledge (prime-time 2)
  5. Spend at least 5-10 minutes on an unrelated activity (even if it is just making coffee and reading a website) before starting a new study session

 

 

Going Further

 

 

This is a general property of the human mind, not something specific to studying – so try it out at work, too!

 







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  • Max Hydrogen

    Do you have any study advice for those diagnosed with ADHD?

    • http://LifeByExperimentation.com Zane the Experimenter

      Hm, I cannot say that I have anything off the top of my head.  I have been asked about these sorts of topics more and more recently though (sleep disorders keep coming up, as well).  I have one friend and one family member who work in related fields, so I just sent emails off to each of them to hopefully get some starting points for conducting research.

      Do you suffer from ADHD?  Do you have any tips or resources to share?  I am looking forward to doing more research in this branch of the field :)

      • Max Hydrogen

        Indeed I have been diagnosed with said condition (I don’t use the term “affliction” because ADD/ADHD can be a HUGE advantage if used properly, unfortunately, while still trapped in the “System” society i.e. mass-education, conventional employment, conformist mentality, ADD/ADHD is nothing but a detriment; the trick is somehow escaping that world, which is why I’m consulting your site…).

        As for tips and resources… There has been an over-saturation of material on the subject since the late 90′s; everything from which drugs work best; no-drug cognitive behavioral therapy books to treatises on how it doesn’t actually exist and is a conspiracy of the pharmaceutical industry to Dr. Hartmann’s mental model that ADD/ADHD is, in fact, the “Hunter Gene”… It’s quit difficult to discern what’s legit, who’s right who’s wrong etc.

        I guess the best advice I could give to other’s is: “We set our goals extremely high, then get depressed when we don’t achieve them. This leads us to believe what we were told as kids: ‘We’re stupid; we can’t learn; we’ll never amount to anything; we need drugs to be ‘normal” etc. So not to set impossible goals and handle disappointments more stoically because we can’t do everything at once and our imagination sometimes surpasses the doable.”

        “We must learn that it’s ok to take days off; some days will be worse than others so instead of frustratingly forcing ourselves to get things done and wind up doing more damage than good, we should just accept that nothing really productive will get done today.”

        “We must remember that ADD/ADHD causes people to retain negative memories and focus on them. The disorder also causes rage and we must learn how not to let that destroy us.”

        But the best advice I can give is: “We must learn the advantages of ADD/ADHD i.e. superior ability to notice things, magnificent imagination/originality/creativity, quick thinking, and of course, GREAT energy.”

        Hope it helps…

        • http://LifeByExperimentation.com Zane the Experimenter

          Great advice, thanks!  I have more than a couple friends with ADD/ADHD and I have to say that there are certain traits of theirs I am jealous of — the energy in particular.  

          One of my friends in particular sticks out in my mind.  I have  known him since we were in 7th grade; he is the sort that it is obvious he has ADD within just a couple minutes.  However he has learned to channel it, and rarely takes medication at all.  After high school he took a few years to work in the real world and was very successful – his charisma and energy make him absolutely impossible to not like.  With that experience under his belt he has now returned to school and is pursuing his bachelor’s.  As a result it seems he really enjoys school now.  I think that just experiencing the success and seeing what talents he had helped him immensely, though I do not want to put words in his mouth…

          • Max Hydrogen

            Yeah that’s pretty much what I,m doing as well (referring to your friend in particular) except not so successful…

            Si jamais tu viens à Montréal, tu peux surfer sur mon sofa n’importe quand.

          • http://LifeByExperimentation.com Zane the Experimenter

            Tu es tres gentil!  Je ne sais pas quand je vais aller à Montreal, mais j’espère je peux rendez vous ;)